1991 Nobel Prize

7

laureates

6

fields

1991

Nobel Prize

Physics

Nobel Prize in Physics

1991 Nobel Prize in Physics

for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers

Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
Pierre-Gilles de Gennes

FranceFrance

Chemistry

Nobel Prize in Chemistry

1991 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

Richard Robert Ernst
Richard Robert Ernst

SwitzerlandSwitzerland

Physiology, Medicine

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

1991 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells

Erwin Neher
Erwin Neher

GermanyGermany

Bert Sakmann
Bert Sakmann

GermanyGermany

Literature

Nobel Prize in Literature

1991 Nobel Prize in Literature

who through her magnificent epic writing has – in the words of Alfred Nobel – been of very great benefit to humanity

Nadine Gordimer
Nadine Gordimer

South AfricaSouth Africa

Peace

Nobel Peace Prize

1991 Nobel Peace Prize

for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights in Myanmar

Aung San Suu Kyi
Aung San Suu Kyi

MyanmarMyanmar

Economic Sciences

Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences

1991 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences

for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy

Ronald Coase
Ronald Coase

United States of AmericaUnited States of America