2002 Nobel Prize
13
laureates
6
fields
2002
Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize in Physics
for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos
United States of America
Japan
for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources
United States of America
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Development of methods for identification and structural analysis of biological macromolecules (development of soft desorption ionisation techniques for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules)
United States of America
Japan
Development of methods for identification and structural analysis of biological macromolecules (development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution)
Switzerland
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
for the discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
United States of America
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Nobel Prize in Literature
for pursuing the possibility of living and thinking as an individual in a time when people were compelled to submit to overwhelming social pressure
Hungary
Nobel Peace Prize
for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development
United States of America
Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
for pioneering contributions to behavioural economics and experimental economics by integrating psychological insights into economic science and by establishing laboratory experiments as a fundamental tool for studying market mechanisms
United States of America,
Israel
United States of America