1981 Nobel Prize
11
laureates
6
fields
1981
Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize in Physics
for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy (Phys. Rev. 104 (1956) 324-327, Phys. Rev. 127 (1962) 1918-1939)
United States of America
United States of America
for the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy
Sweden
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
for their theories concerning the course of chemical reactions
Japan
United States of America,
Poland
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
for discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres
United States of America
for discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system
United States of America
Sweden
Nobel Prize in Literature
for writings marked by a broad outlook, a wealth of ideas and artistic power
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Nobel Peace Prize
for its efforts to improve the relocation, settlement and treatment of refugees and to promote their fundamental rights
World
Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
for his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices
United States of America