Belgium

François Englert

Belgium

For the theoretical discovery of the Brout–Englert–Higgs mechanism, proposed in 1964, which explains how elementary particles acquire mass and was later confirmed by the observation of the Higgs boson by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. The award cites the seminal papers Phys. Rev. Lett. 13 (1964) 321 (Englert & Brout), Phys. Rev. Lett. 13 (1964) 508 (Higgs), and Phys. Rev. 145 (1966) 1156 (Higgs).

Ilya Prigogine

Belgium

for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of dissipative structures

Albert Claude

Belgium

for their discoveries concerning the structural and functional organization of the cell

Christian de Duve

Belgium (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)

for their discoveries concerning the structural and functional organization of the cell

Dominique Pire

Belgium

for his efforts to help post-World War II refugees in Europe leave their camps and return to a life of freedom and dignity

Corneille Jean François Heymans

Belgium

for the discovery of the role played by the sinus and aortic mechanisms in the regulation of respiration

Jules Bordet

Belgium

for his discoveries relating to immunity

Henri La Fontaine

Belgium

as a representative of the International Peace Bureau

Maurice Maeterlinck

Belgium

in appreciation of his many-sided literary activities, and especially of his dramatic works, which are distinguished by a wealth of imagination and by a poetic fancy, which reveals, sometimes in the guise of a fairy tale, a deep inspiration, while in a mysterious way they appeal to the readers' own feelings and stimulate their imaginations

Auguste Beernaert

Belgium

for serving as a delegate to two Hague Peace Conferences and for leading the Inter-Parliamentary Union