Sweden

Anne L'Huillier

Sweden (France)

for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter

Svante Pääbo

Sweden

for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution

Tomas Lindahl

Sweden, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

for mechanistic studies of DNA repair

Tomas Tranströmer

Sweden

because, through his condensed, translucent images, he gives us fresh access to reality

Arvid Carlsson

Sweden

for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system

Sune Bergström

Sweden

discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances

Bengt I. Samuelsson

Sweden

discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances

Alva Myrdal

Sweden

for their monumental achievements and internationally recognized contributions in playing a pivotal role in United Nations disarmament negotiations

Kai Manne Börje Siegbahn

Sweden

for the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy

Torsten Wiesel

Sweden

for discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system

Bertil Ohlin

Sweden

for their path-breaking contribution to the theory of international trade and international capital movements

Eyvind Johnson

Sweden

for a narrative art, far-seeing in lands and ages, in the service of freedom

Harry Martinson

Sweden

for writings that catch the dewdrop and reflect the cosmos

Gunnar Myrdal

Sweden

for their pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and for their penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena

Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén

Sweden

for fundamental work and discoveries in magnetohydro-dynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics

Ulf von Euler

Sweden

for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmitters in the nerve terminals and the mechanisms for their storage, release and inactivation

Ragnar Granit

Sweden (Finland)

for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye

Nelly Sachs

Germany, Sweden (Germany)

for her outstanding lyrical and dramatic writing, which interprets Israel's destiny with touching strength

Dag Hammarskjöld

Sweden

for developing the United Nations into an effective and constructive international organization, capable of giving life to the principles and aims expressed in the UN Charter

Hugo Theorell

Sweden

for his discoveries concerning the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes

Pär Lagerkvist

Sweden

for the artistic vigour and true independence of mind with which he endeavours in his poetry to find answers to the eternal questions confronting mankind

Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius

Sweden

for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his discoveries concerning the complex nature of serum proteins

Erik Axel Karlfeldt

Sweden

for the poetry of Erik Axel Karlfeldt

Nathan Söderblom

Sweden

for promoting Christian unity (ecumenism) and for his efforts to involve the Christian churches in the work for world peace

Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin

Sweden, German Reich

for their investigations on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes

Theodor Svedberg

Sweden

for his work on disperse systems

Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn

Sweden

for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy

Karl Hjalmar Branting

Sweden

for his contribution to the League of Nations

Verner von Heidenstam

Sweden

in recognition of his significance as the leading representative of a new era in our literature

Nils Gustaf Dalén

Sweden

for his invention of automatic regulators for use in conjunction with gas accumulators for illuminating lighthouses and buoys

Allvar Gullstrand

Sweden

for his work on the dioptrics of the eye

Selma Lagerlöf

Sweden

in appreciation of the lofty idealism, vivid imagination and spiritual perception that characterize her writings

Klas Pontus Arnoldson

Sweden

for founding the Swedish Peace and Arbitration Society

Svante August Arrhenius

Sweden

for his electrolytic theory of dissociation